Poor Performance in Supply Chain Management Procurement - Proposal - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1366 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? An investigation on the course of poor performance in Supply Chain Management Procurement Section in the Department of Agriculture Limpopo Province: Vhembe District A Research Proposal Table of Contents 1.INTRODUCTION AND BACKROUND..3 2.PROBLEM STATEMENT.4 3.RESEARCH OBJECTIVES.4 4.RESEARCH QUESTIONS.4 5.LITERATURE REVIEW4 6.RESEARCH DESIGN.5 7.ETHICS STATEMENT6 8.CHAPTER OUTLINE.6 9.TIME-LINE.7 10. BUDGET.7 11.PRELIMINARY BIBLIOGRAPHY.8 12.FEASIBILITY..8 1. INTRODUCTION AND BACKROUND Procurement reforms in South Africa started in 1995 and were directed at two broad focus areas, the promotion of principles of good governance and the introduction of a preference system to address certain socio-economic objectives. The procurement reform processes were embedded in section 76(4) (C) of the Public Finance Management Act No 1 of 1999 (PFMA) and the preferential Procurement Policy Framework Act No 5 of 2000 (PPPFA). The public procurement is the function whereby public sector organisations acquire goods, services and development and construction projects from suppliers in the local and international market, subject to the general principle of fairness, equitability, transparency, competitiveness and cost-effectiveness. SCM is an integral part of prudent financial management in the South African public sector management (OGC 2005: 11). According to Hanks, Davies and Perera (2008), SCM operates within a regulatory framework set by the national government and extended by provinces and local government bodies to specific policies, legislation and regulations. The Limpopo Department of Agriculture Vhembe District in Supply Chain Management under Procurement is currently not performing well as compared to the service standards set by the Department; the service standards has placed some measures that should be followed in order to perform accurately in procurement but still the performance is not up to standard. SCM is guided by a number of related policies and regulations (National Treasury, 2005). Compliance with these policies and regulations is a problem. It is clear that if proper procedures for procurement could be followed performance in procurement section might improve and the rendering of service to the community might be easier. 2. PROBLEM STATEMENT The poor performance in supply Chain Management Procurement Section Department of Agriculture Limpopo: Vhembe District. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Poor Performance in Supply Chain Management Procurement Proposal" essay for you Create order 3. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES 3.1 To assess performance of procurement section against the set service standards. 3.2 To develop remedial strategies or guidelines to alleviate non-performance in procurement section in Vhembe District. 4. RESEARCH QUESTIONS 4.1 What is the turn-around time of procurement processes? 4.2 What are the causes of poor performance in Procurement Section Vhembe District? 4.3 What appropriate remedial steps can be developed to alleviate poor performance in Procurement Section Vhembe District? 5. LITERATURE REVIEW SCM Policy: 2011-2012 states that performance management is a pro-active and re-active (retrospective) process of determining whether objectives and the broader government strategic and operational goals are being met. As such it serves as a management tool. Since the SCM System is an integral part in achieving these objectives, it is necessary that recording, reporting and performance measurement regarding the SCM system must take place. It is therefore essential that the department must establish a system that will be followed accurately. The SCM Unit is responsible to measure Department`s progress regarding the achievement of the goals by using the pre-determined criteria. The results of this measurement must then be included in external and internal reports as prescribed. Consulting Engineers South Africa (CESA): 2010-2013 is appalled at Governments that poor performance in relation to the non-payment of suppliers resulting in many companies in the industry going into liq uidation and out of business. Graham Pirie, CEO states, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"if Government wants to create jobs then this is very poor behaviourà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . Key priorities included in President Zumaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s New Growth Path are job creation and improved service delivery. Non- payment is having a serious impact on SAà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s ability to deliver infrastructure. It is clear that if Government poor performance is leading companies to liquidation on non-payment of suppliers something must be done urgently to save the countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s jobs. Non à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"payment on companies is other proof for poor performance in procurement. Many public procurement activities suffer from neglect, lack of direction, poor co-ordination, lack of open competition and transparency, differing levels of corruption and most importantly not having a cadre of trained and qualified procurement specialists, who are competent to conduct and manage such procurements, in a prof essional, timely and cost effective manner. Inflexible and bureaucratic systems of procurement contribute to unacceptable contract delays, increased costs, the potential for manipulation of contract awards and lack of fair competition, all of which create the perception in the population at large, that public expenditure is slow, ineffective, expensive and often corrupt (Baily et al 2004). It is also clear that poor performance in the Department sometimes is caused by lack of supervisory and lack of transparency. 6. RESEARCH DESIGN The study will be conducted in the Department of Agriculture in Vhembe District in the Limpopo Province. The Department of Agriculture has two categories under procurement section namely; for the orders which are more than R30000.00 and for the orders which are less than R30000.00 for purchases of all goods and services. At least 25% of all orders for over 2 financial years will be randomly selected to assess the turn-around time in order to dete rmine the performance in procurement section against the Departmental service standards in Vhembe District. Vhembe District has got small number of employees under procurement section total number is 14. 25% of 14 employees will be randomly selected for participating in interview. Simple descriptive statistics will be used to describe performance of Procurement section in Vhembe District. Qualitative Research will be used as it is all about exploring issues, understanding phenomena, and answering questions where Procurement for Department of Agriculture in Limpopo Province in its pursuit. Questionnaires will be used to collect data; the questions will include personal information, gender, age, causes of poor performance, status in procurement section, etc. In this study simple descriptive statistics frequencies tables, etc. will be employed to analyse the data. 7. ETHICS STATEMENT The procurement officials will participate voluntarily. Their names will not be identified in any of the reports. 8. CHAPTER OUTLINE Chapter 1 Introduction and Background The chapter will be presenting researched problem and its objectives and how the researcher analyse the study as a whole. Chapter 2 Literature Review In this chapter the researcher compares the different writers who researched about the same topic the researcher is busy with, and the overall of both writers should be combined for the final recommendations. Chapter 3 Research Methodology In this chapter the researcher will be discussing on how to improve good quality performance in procurement section or how to alleviate non-performance in procurement section Vhembe District. Chapter 4 Results and Findings. The results and findings of the study will be analysed and evaluated, final results will be sent to the Department of Agriculture Vhembe District.. Chapter 5 Recommendations. The recommendations will be discussed from the study and sent to relevant stakeholder which is Limpopo Department of Agriculture. 9. TIME-L INE Activities Weeks Month Year Desktop studies and design Questionnaires Week 02-4th Jan 2014 Make appointments with procurement officers Week 5 Jan 2014 Check orders Week 2-3 February 2014 Data Collection Week 4-2 Feb-March 2014 Data Analysis Week 3-4 March 2014 Begin write report Week 1-2 April 2014 Complete write report Week 3-4 April 2014 Submit report for editing Week 1-3 May 2014 Finalise Report Week 4-5 May 2014 Submit report Week 2 June 2014 10. BUDGET ITEM Activity Amount Responsibility Enumerator Data collection /interviewing administrators R 800.00 Researcher* Editing Editing proposal by professional editor R1000.00 Editor Data Capturer Capturing data R 1000.00 Researcher Stationery Printing questionnaires R 700.00 Researcher Telephone Communications R 900.00 Researcher Transport Petrol R 1000.00 Researcher Computer Programmes Data analysis R 2500.00 Researcher Total R 7 ,900.00 *The researcher will be responsible for all the expenses of the study. 11. PRELIMINARY BIBLIOGRAPH CESA 2010-2013 Government Poor Procurement Performance Hinders Job Creation. [https://www.cesa.co.za/node/201 Date of access: 20 December 2013 [SIGM]Support for Improvement in Governance and Management.[ Public Procurement] Brief 21 Journal of Transport and Supply Chain Management 1 2012 John Karanja Ngugi and Hildah W. Mugo: Internal factors affecting procurement process of supplies in the public sector; a survey of Kenya Government Ministries (Brief 2314) 12. FEASIBILITY The study will be feasible as the employer gave the researcher permission to conduct research within the government premises. The study will also include employees and they are willing to cooperate in this research. The resources to conduct this research are available, like motor car, funds for petrol and communications. The study will be completed within the time framed by Southern Business School. Page 1

Introduction to Motivation - 16686 Words

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Advise the UK government on which primary energy resources would be best to develop over the next 20 years Free Essays

string(65) " and well established it has many negative implications with it\." Energy is a fundamental part of our lives; however, can we continue to rely on fossil fuels? By 2030 global energy demand will be 40% higher and there are also growing concerns over increased greenhouse gas emissions and the resultant warming of our planet which causes us to ask questions about whether our current energy supply is truly sustainable. The UK is running out of energy, without massive investment in new power plants there will be regular black outs in 10 years. There are several factors to consider when evaluating different primary energy resources; these include economic, environmental, political and social implications. We will write a custom essay sample on Advise the UK government on which primary energy resources would be best to develop over the next 20 years or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, the most important factors to consider would be economic viability (which is particularly significant due to the UK’s current economic situation) and environmental sustainability. In this essay I will be looking at these factors in order to try and come up with the most sensible solution to the growing energy problem in our country and therefore what primary energy resource should be developed to solve it. Government Regulation on Media in America iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);" src="https://phdessay.com/government-regulation-on-media-in-america/embed/#?secret=J94MS6wiLG" data-secret="J94MS6wiLG" width="500" height="282" title="#8220;Government Regulation on Media in America#8221; #8212; Free Essays - PhDessay.com" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"/iframe Natural Gas Natural gas is a major source of electricity generation through the use of gas turbines and steam turbines. It burns more cleanly than other hydrocarbon fuels, such as oil and coal, and it also produces less carbon dioxide. For an equivalent amount of heat, burning natural gas produces about 30% less carbon dioxide than burning petroleum and about 45% less than burning coal. Gas from the North Sea has provided Britain with a regular supply since the mid 1960s when the first discoveries were made. However, UK supplies from the North peaked in 1999, since when production has fallen by around half (see graph to the right). The trade secretary says that the UK is now a net importer of gas – this growing dependence on imports means increasing vulnerability to rising prices and instability in gas-producing regions. Also the CO2 emissions are still significant so you can’t consider this energy resource as completely ‘clean’. Gas fracking in the UK is a very contro versial issue, especially after the recent earthquakes at test drilling sites near Blackpool. Coal 33% of our current energy sources come from coal; it is well established, cheap and reliable. However economically viable UK coal will run out in 10-15 years and is already expensive to mine. Half the coal used in the UK is now imported. The huge environmental implications involved with coal also remain to be a concern – there are high emissions of CO2 and SO2 (which causes acid rain.) Earlier this year the government invested  £1 billion in cleaner technologies, in particular carbon capture technologies which prevent CO2 from escaping into the atmosphere. â€Å"The potential rewards from carbon capture and storage are immense: a technology that can de-carbonise coal and gas-fired power stations and large industrial emitters, allowing them to play a crucial part in the UK’s low carbon future† says Ed Davey, Energy and Climate Change Secretary. However this still remains to be a controversial strategy as some say that carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is in its infancy and does not work yet. Nuclear Power Nuclear power is the use of sustained nuclear fission to generate heat and electricity – it provides about 20% of the UK’s energy, utilising 16 operational nuclear reactors at nine plants. Nuclear power is the primary source of electric power in France; 76% of France’s electricity comes from nuclear power, the highest percentage in the world. France’s nuclear power industry has been called â€Å"a success story† that has put the nation â€Å"ahead of the world† in terms of providing cheap, CO2-free energy. The main positive environmental implication is that it creates minimal CO2 emissions after construction and therefore it isn’t contributing to global warming however this shouldn’t indicate that it is environmentally friendly; there are high levels of radioactive waste involved and the Chernobyl (1986) and Fukushima (2011) incidents raise concern over nuclear disasters. After the 2011 Fukushima incident, the head of France’s nuclear safety agency said that France needs to upgrade the protection of vital functions in all its nuclear reactors to avoid a disaster in the event of a natural calamity, which will inevitably increase the cost of electricity. There are further negative economic implications as there are high costs of building and decommissioning reactors. Planning and building a power station takes at least 10 years so this will not help meet Kyoto agreements. However a positive economic implication is that Nuclear energy is not as vulnerable to fuel prices fluctuations as oil and gas. There are several pros and cons to nuclear power which makes it a controversial matter; all of the above points would have to be considered if this resource would be developed over the next 20 years. Hydropower This is the most widely used form of renewable energy, accounting for 16 percent of global electricity consumption but just over 2% of the UK’s current consumption. Natural flow hydro is reliant on rainfall and vulnerable to drought which is ideal for the UK. There are no CO2 emissions involved and no vulnerability to fuel prices or political instability and is very cheap once the dam has been built. In theory this sounds like the ideal option for the UK to develop over the next 20 years however in practice there are several negative implications involved. For instance, hydropower projects on mega dams in China have caused species extinction and serious water pollution issues. The three gorges dam in China has had many negative impacts; huge areas of land has been flooded resulting in a large scale relocation of people, villages etc. This case study indicates that a large scale hydropower system within the UK would not be completely sustainable. The Three Gorges Dam Oil Oil only accounts for 1.2% of the UK’s energy consumption and although it is a reliable technology and well established it has many negative implications with it. You read "Advise the UK government on which primary energy resources would be best to develop over the next 20 years" in category "Papers" It is a finite stock resource – many oilfields are depleting; meaning production has peaked and prices will rise (price instability). This has also led to searching for unconventional reserves of oil e.g. in the Arctic. There could be 16 billion barrels of oil in Alaska and big oil TNCs are keen to extract it from this fragile wilderness which causes many harsh environmental impacts. The oil industry has a large dependence on politically unstable regions which causes many problems; the recent Arab spring conflict in Libya meant there were no exports of oil from this major producer. As well as creating a lot of CO2 emissions which contributes to global warming a major enviro nmental implication is oil spills; the deep water horizon oil spill disaster caused extensive damage to marine and wildlife habitats and to the Gulfs fishing and tourism industry. Biofuels Biofuels are crops or organic matter such as agricultural wastes which can be used as fuels. They are defined as renewable because they are based upon plants which have trapped the sun’s energy during photosynthesis and converted it into chemical energy. In the UK it accounts for 0.6% of energy consumption – there are only a few facilities burning Biofuels such as waste wood products and straw that are already operating. Energy crops could be grown in the UK, but some will not be cost effective unless yields improve. These energy costs are considered to be carbon neutral because carbon released when crops are burned is balanced by carbon absorbed from the atmosphere during growth. One of the main issues concerned with Biofuels is that it uses up a lot of land which could be used for other things such as growing crops – there is a link between the spread of Biofuels across the world and rising food prices. Brazil is considered to have the world’s first sustainable Biofuels economy and is the Biofuel industry leader; the UK could learn a lot from Brazil’s 37-year-old ethanol fuel program which is based on the most efficient agricultural technology for sugarcane cultivation in the world. This program has led to there no longer being any light vehicles in Brazil running on pure gasoline which has huge environmental benefits. However, again Biofuels cannot be considered completely environmentally friendly as you need to take into account the direct and indirect effect of land use changes; Brazil and other developing countries convert land in undisturbed ecosystems, such as rainforests, savannas, or grasslands to Biofuel production. Some experts call bioethanol â€Å"deforestation diesel†. Wind Wind is a key renewable resource that is not vulnerable to fuel price fluctuations. Turbines are emission free and quick to build, with the costs of building them decreasing. The UK is very suited to wind farms – some say that the UK has the best wind resources in Europe. The UK is ranked as the world’s eighth largest producer of wind power; at the beginning of March 2012 the installed capacity of wind power in the United Kingdom was 6,580 megawatts with 333 operational wind farms and 3,506 wind turbines. However, even though it is a leading producer, wind power only accounts for 0.5% of our energy consumption therefore there is a large amount of room for development. There are several issues with this source of energy to be considered; it uses up a lot of land which inevitably leads to NIMBYISM issues – there is local opposition and concerns about the noise pollution and the impact on the landscape. This energy source is also intermittent as wind levels fluctuat e. Solar Solar is also a key free and renewable energy source. It can generate electricity from photovoltaic cells, be used to heat water directly, or be maximised by good building design. Spain is one of the most advanced countries in the development of solar energy however it is one of the European countries with the most hours of sunshine. This suggests that this source of energy would not be right for the UK as the UK sunshine is unreliable and limited. Solar power is also confined to daylight hours unless photovoltaic cells are used to store power in batteries. The solar power industry within the UK is developing however the potential may not be big enough for it to be developed further in the UK in my opinion. Wave and Tidal This has large potential in some parts of the UK and is a key renewable resource. However there are large development costs and it is still in the research stage with technology not being completely developed yet. There are also environmental issues involved with wave and tidal power; the barrier will act as a physical barrier to fish movements to spawning grounds etc. The wave and tidal barriers will also detract from the visual beauty of the coastline. Conclusion In this essay I have evaluated the pros and cons of several forms of primary energy which have the potential to be developed within the UK over the next 20 years. I have considered the environmental, political, social and economic implications of each in order to try and come up with the most sustainable option for the UK’s future. Forms of renewable energy seem to be the most obvious choice to be developed in the UK with the ever increasing concerns over global warming and climate change. The environmental impacts involved with using natural gas, coal, nuclear energy and oil all seem to be too big for them to be considered. The political impacts concerned with oil in particular is a strong indication of an energy resource that should be avoided by the UK; oil is already making a small and declining contribution to electricity generation in our country. With the focus being, in my opinion, on renewable energy it leaves the controversial decision over what particular primary energy source should be developed. At first glance, maximising the potential of hydropower seems to be the most sensible option as this is already having the largest contribution to our energy consumption out of all the renewables. However, much of the UK’s hydropower potential has already been exploited with large scale future development unlikely. I also believe that solar power isn’t the right renewable energy to go for as the UK’s climate is simply not suitable enough for it to have a large impact on our growing energy consumption. Wave and tidal energy does however have large potential in the UK however I am worried that due to its early stage in development it would need massive investment for it to reach its potential; this I believe would not be economically viable in the UK considering our current economic climate. This leaves me with wind power. I believe that this should be the energy resource that should be further developed over the next 20 years for several reasons; it is currently the fastest growing renewable in the UK and there is already heavy government backing to support it. There are little environmental impacts to be considered and with costs falling it is also economically viable. NIMBYISM objections can also be solved with the development of off-shore wind farms further out to sea, for example the world’s biggest offshore wind farm off Kent with the 100 turbines being expected to generate enough electricity to power 200,000 homes. The success of this particular development will in my opinion become a catalyst for further development of more wind farms in the UK and will hopefully help solve the growing energy problem in our country. How to cite Advise the UK government on which primary energy resources would be best to develop over the next 20 years, Papers

Organizational Behavior for Contextual Performance- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theOrganizational Behavior for Contextual Performance. Answer: Introduction Employees are being considered as one of the important stakeholders for the contemporary business organizations. This is due to the reason that, the individual skills and expertise being possessed by the employees helps the business organizations in gaining competitive advantages in the market (Gallie et al., 2012). In accordance to it, it is also important for the organizations to initiate various initiatives in order to enhance the effectiveness of the employees along with maintaining the productivity. Organizations will gain various positive outcomes by effectively managing their employees. However, there are various challenges also that may be faced by the managers in the organizations in managing the employee behavior (Yao et al., 2014). This essay will discuss about the potential barriers being faced by the organizations in managing the employee behavior. Moreover, the implication of the employee behavior in the organizational performance will also be discussed in this report. Accordingly recommendations will be discussed, which will help to prevent and overcome the challenges being faced by the organizations. Impact of employee behavior on the organizational performance Impact of positive employee behavior As earlier discussed, there are various positive as well as negative implications of the employee behavior on the organizational performance (Sliter, Sliter and Jex, 2012). One of the key positive impacts of the employee behavior is the enhancement in the level of satisfaction of the customers. This is due to the reason that attitudes of the employees are also being included in employee behavior. Thus, in the case of having positive and favorable attitude of the employees, the customers will have positive impression about the organization. Thus, it will eventually increase the rate of customer loyalty and will generate positive word of mouth in the market (Jahanshani et al., 2014). The more positive will be the employee behavior, the more will be the effectiveness of the organizational culture due to the reason that, positive behavior of the employees will help to maintain the effective working environment in the organization (Alvesson 2012). The positive behavior of one employee will motivate others in maintaining the same and thus it will eventually enhance the organizational effectiveness and culture. This will in turn helps in enhancing the employee productivity due to the fact that the productivity of the employees will get more effective with having positive working environment. Another strategy that will have positive impact on the organizational performance is the relation between the employees and upper level management (Chen Fu 2013). This is due to the reason that employees with positive behavior will try to have good relation with the upper level management and thus it will in turn help to maintain the mutual understanding and cooperation between t he employees and the upper level management. The more understanding will be there among the internal stakeholders, the more will organizational effectiveness and performance. Moreover, another key impact of having positive employee behavior in the organizational performance is the effective managerial controls of the upper level management. This is due to the fact that, positive employee behavior will help the leadership in effectively communicating their vision to the employees (Kerzner, 2013). Due to the reason that positive employee behavior will help in enhancing the mutual understanding among the employees and the upper level managers, the communication will be more effective. Thus, the managerial control of the upper level managers will also be more effective. Impact of negative employee behavior However, apart from the positive employees behavior, the implications can also be negative for the organization due to the emergence of the negative employee behavior. One of the key implications of negative employee behavior is the reduction in the satisfaction level of the employees. Customers will be dissatisfied if the attitude and personality of the employees are negative and they are not been offered effective service (Osarenkhoe Komunda, 2013). Thus, the reputation and goodwill of the organization will be at stake. Moreover due to the negative employee behavior, the relation between the internals stakeholders will be negative, which will have unfavorable impact on the organizational performance. Due to the negative relationship between the employees and the upper level management, the working environment will also not be favorable for the employees. More issues related employees will start to emerge. Challenges in managing the employee behavior One of the challenges being faced by the managers in managing the employee behavior is the cultural diversity. If the cultural and social background of the employees and the managers is different, then it will be difficult for the managers to deal with the employees effectively (Laroche, 2012). This is due to the reason that, the attitude, approaches and opinions being given by the managers will be from the perspective from their own cultural and social background. However, the employees belonging from different cultural background may find it difficult or unacceptable. Thus, managers will face the challenge of managing the employee behavior from the different social background. Unionizing employees is another key challenge for the managers in managing the employee behavior. This is due to the fact that, the more unionized will be the employees, the more will be their bargaining power in the organizational decision making proce4ss. Though, it is good to have the trade unions for the employees for their organizational right, however after a certain extent, they may pose challenge for the employees (Gumbrell-McCornick Hyman, 2013). Employees with having more union power will show negative attitude in the organization and it will be difficult for the managers to control these employees. In the current business scenario, a major part of the employees are in their beginning of the professional career. Thus, they are more motivated in changing their job more frequently compared to enhancing their organizational citizenship (Borman, 2014). Thus, it becomes challenge for the managers to manage these types of employees. This is due to the reason that, these employees works in the organization on a temporary basis and thus managers find it difficult to train the employees according to the organizational culture more frequently. Diversity in the requirement of the employees also poses challenge for the managers. Various employees in the organization will have diversified requirement and expectation from the organization and it becomes difficult for the managers to fulfill all the requirements of the employees (Ji et al., 2012). Moreover, the requirements which should be fulfilled in order to motivate the employees are also variable based on the individual employees. Thus, it is also difficult for the managers to meet the diversified employee requirements. Managers also face challenges in train the employees in having suitable employee behavior according to the current market trend and requirement. In the contemporary business scenario, taste and preference pattern of the customers change rapidly and thus it is difficult for managers to train their employees accordingly. Recommendations to overcome the challenges Rewarding employees is one of the most effective strategies to overcome the challenges being faced by the managers in managing the employee behavior. Rewarding and recognizing the activities of the employees will help to motivate them. This will in turn help the managers to have positive impression among the employees and enhancing the positive behavior among them. rewarding and motivating the employees will also help to reduce the issues with the employees due to the fact they will be satisfied with their workplace if their job are being recognized and properly rewarded. Garnering feedback from the employees and initiation of employee management system will also help the managers to overcome the challenges being faced by them. Garnering of the feedback from the employees will enable the managers to determine the requirement, mentality and expectation of the employees. Thus, accordingly, they can manage their employees. Moreover, initiation of the employee management systems also helps the manager in effectively managing the employee behavior. Providence of effective and proper training to the employees will also the managers in train the employees in accordance to the organizational procedures. If the training can be given to the employees according to the current trend and preference pattern in the market, then the employees will more equipped to cater to the market and business requirement. Thus, the origination of the issues with the employees will also be less. Initiation of various schemes related to the employee welfare will help the manager to have motivated employees in the organization. This is due to the fact that, initiation of the employee welfare policies will have positive impression among the employees, which will enhance the level of motivation on the employees. Thus, the more motivated will be the employees, the more will be their effectiveness and productivity. Moreover, with having the motivated employees, manager will less likely face the issues with the employees. Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded that in managing the employee behavior, there are several challenges to be faced by the managers in the organizations. However, there are various measures are also available with them to overcome the challenges. These measures are being discussed in this essay and effective implementation of these recommended steps will help the manager to overcome the challenges and enhance the effectiveness of the employees. Various positive and negative implications are also being discussed in this essay. Thus, the prime motive of the managers should be to increase the positive impact of the employee behavior. Reference Alvesson, M. (2012).Understanding organizational culture. Sage. Borman, W. C. (2014).Organizational citizenship behavior and contextual performance: A special issue of human performance. Psychology Press. Cheng, J. H., Fu, Y. C. (2013). 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